Semiautomatic turret lathe



Jan. 1, 1946. Y L c. wAssoN 2,392,074

SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE Filed Sept. l0, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 1, l946.

l.. c. WAssoN SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE s sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. l0, 1945 @Aww/ff @EF1/mnd E. Wassn Jan. 1, 1946. I

L. C. WASSON SEMIAUTOMATIC TURRET LATHE Filed sept. lo, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Jan. l, 1946 Loerwood C. Wasson, Wauwatosa, Ws.,assgnor` to.v Milwaukee` .Gas ,Specialty` Company, Milwaukec, Wis., acorporation of'W'sconsin Appli'cat'ionSeptemberY 10, 1943, Serial No. 501,737

12-` Claims.

This invention relates` to machine tools and refers particularly tojasemiautomatic turret lathe of thevtypeiormingthe subject matter of thecopending application o'ffEucene E. Meusy,A Serial'No. 350,559; `flledAugust 3; 1940', now Patent- No; 23793096; granted-June 26; 1945;

The turret lathe of`VV the aforesaid Meusy application is equipped with means for automatically reciprocating and indexing the turret through one' cyolefof operation.A The cycle is manually started and theY mechanism functions automaticallyto reciprocate the turret and sequentially present the--tools carried bythe turret tothe Work.

One of the essentialelements of the mechanism is a so-called jobcam, the contour of which is determined-by the character off the Work to be performed bythe toolsy mounted Y at the different stations lof theturr-et; One revolutionl ofA this job cam constitutes a cycle:

Through suitable linkage intermittent' rotary motion of the job cam successively reciprocates the turret-to present first 4one and 'then i the next ofthe tools carried thereby to the work;

The operation of the mechanism is under the directionof-an electrical control Whichincorporates switches opened and'closed'by rotationof the job cam shaft.

The `turret lathe of-theaforesaid Meusy application, however, only providedifor control: of theturret and did not include any-means for operating or controlling lth-'e-cross-feed slide.` As is vvell-V known tol those skilled in theart,v the machining operations performed onl turret lathes in many cases require the performance of work which can-only be done -b`yr tools mounteclon a cross slide,V the motion` of which is transverse tothat-of the turret --reci'procation Itis therefore-an object'of this invention' to provide means for automaticallyoperating and controlling the crc-ss slide'of a. turret lathe in coordination with' thesemiautomatic reciprocation and indexing of the-turret.

Morespecifically,A itis arrobiect -of V'this invention-to'provide rarcornloinaton hydraulic and elec-` tric control for the'cross slide-ofaturret lathe oriotlier similar` machine tool by whichrthe tool or toolscarriedby thecrosseslide-`r can beautema'tically brought into operative relation with automatic'A tur-ret lathe so' that the entire fonce tioning;A of?theemachinelislunderf one: control; l

Still another obj ct voi'ftlii's -`invention is :torprolv vide a control for the cross slide of a turretrl'ath'e" wherebyasinele or andouhle cross slide .function may beeiictedat lanysta'ge'in the cycle ofiturret the Work in a predetermined Vtimed relationship in with the control-'for the turretof a semi- 55 reoiprocation' and Wh'ereloy` the number: of; cross slidefunctions occurring duringl the cycle may be alteredito vaoconnnodatei ljobs ofldiiirent types.-

Wi'th'the aboveand other"ohjectsfinviewwhicli will f appear" as* the! description proceeds; this iur-- Vcntion residesin the novel` construction-combination and arrangement of'parts substantially as hereinafter clescriloedgand moreiparticularlyi defined byf kthe appended: claims, it' being'. understood thatsuoh changesain .the precise'remhodi-- ment Y of`the. herein disclosed' inventionimayf be made :as vcome Withinrtheiscoperof lthe r claims:

The: accompanying:drawingsillustratexone =ex ample-offthephysical embodiment? offthe lnvenetion:` constructed int accordance with: the best modesso far devisedforthe Avpractical applicationY of 'the' principles thereof; and-:inwhich:

Figure 1 is a front view of a turret 1athe-em loodying'A thisiinvention;

Figures 3 and 4 together constitute a complete cl-ia'gfrannnatie:illustration,k of the entireV control systeme and1whereiniFigme 3. illustrates parties u-lafrly;` the 'f control `for the crossslide and. l'ligurefiL the control forfthef turret;

F5il1rea5 is ia detailjperspectve viewillustrating the" trip leve-rs: which control initiation of=v the" crossfi slide operation; i and Figureiiis 'ai detaill'vievv` in top planl of thejlimitswitchesgandtheir actuatorsi Referringv now` particularlyto :the accompany,` ing Y' drawings: inwhich like numerals indicate like parts; thefnumerali:designates' generallyva turret lathe-provided .with ithellsual spindlehead 6, .thei spindles of which is adapted; to be f driven in either. direction by a. reversible'spindle-.motor l. Aiturretf mountedon a carriagefisre-f cprocable: across the =bed l 0' of the 4vlathe.itogsucfv cessively 'presentA the? tools4` (not showml carried: at :the different` stations of the-turret to :the 'workf heldin the spindleiachuck;

The bed IU also mounts aF'crosssslide-'lladjusta-ble alorrgithe length'ofthe bed inthe usual man-ner byrotationzof a hand' wheel |21 and re-v ciprocalolev transverselyftobrincone'or' the other ofv two tools: I3i an'dl I 4 into operative relati'on with the-Work It`A is', ofifcourse; understoodrtl'ratth'ex crossfslide is provided with an adjusting screw I5 by which initial adjustments can be manually effected and that the tools are individually adjustable on the slide to accommodate work of diilerent sizes. It is also to be understood that while, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, the cross slide is equipped with two tools, where a single cross slide function is required,.one or the other of the tools may be omitted.

Where two cross slide functions are required, the transverse reciprocation of the cross slide is rst in one direction and then the other from the neutral position or zone in which the slide is illustrated in Figure 2. These two operations may follow in direct sequence or they may occur at intervals spaced by intervening turret operations.

The turret 8 is mounted in the customary manner for rotation on a vertical axis xed with respect to its carriage 9 and ratchet means (not shown) operates to index the turret from station to station as a consequence of reciprocation of the turret. I

The turret carriage 9 may be reciprocated manually, but for automatic operation it is reciprocated by intermittent rotation of a job cam I8 as in the aforesaid copending application of Eugene E. Meusy. This cam is iiXed on a shaft Il journaled in bearings carried by a bracket I8 preferably attached to an adjacent pedestal of the lathe, and through a medially pivoted lever I9 translates rotation of the cam into the reciprocation of the carriage.

The contour of the cam I6 is determined by the character of the work to be performed and, as will be readily apparent, when the cam foilower on the lever I9 is in a depression of the cam as shown in Figure 1, the carriage and turret are retracted and when the follower is on a high point of the cam, the carriage is advanced to present a tool to the work. One complete revolution of the cam constitutes a cycle for'the machine.

A cam motor drives the.job cam through a speed reducer 2|, the power takeoff of which is connected to the cam shaft by a. transmission belt 22.

Inasmuch as the manner in which reciprocation of thev turret carriagel is accomplished through the function of the control mechanism including the job cam forms no part of this invention and is clearly illustrated and describedI in the aforesaid copending application of Eugene E. Meusy, it is unnecessary to describe this mechanism in detail. Consequently, only so much of the electrical control for this mechanism as is necessary to bring out the complete functioning of the machine will be specically referred to in addition to the description already given.

Attention is now specifically directed to the cross slide. Power means are provided to reciprocate the cross slide and while this power means may take any suitable form, in the present instance it comprises a hydraulic motor 23, the piston of which is connected through a rod 24 with the cross slide. Hence, reciprocation of the piston of the hydraulic motor directly reciprocates the cross slide.

The power to operate the hydraulic motor is derived from a pump 25 of any suitable type which may be mounted in juxtaposition to the.

lathe as in a housing 26. Fluid is supplied to the pump from a reservoir 2T and the outlet of thepump is connected to the hydraulic motor through and under the control of a plurality 0f spool type valves 28, 29, 30 and 3|. The valves 28, 29 and 30 are all biased to one position as indicated rby the arrows in Figure 3 and are electromagnetically actuated to the opposite position upon energization of their solenoids 28', 29' and 30.

'I'he valve 3|, which controls the direction in which the piston of the hydraulic motor 23 moves upon the application of pressure on the hydraulic motor, has its spool shifted from one position to the other by hydraulic pressure under the control of the Valve 3|) which may be referred to as a pilot control valve.

A pressure line 32 leading from the outlet of the pump has a pressure regulating valve 33 incorporated therein. The bypass outlet of this pressure regulating valve is connected by a return line 34 to the reservoir while its outlet is connected directly with the inlet 35 of the pilot control valve 30 and with the inlet of a back pressure valve 36. The outlet of the back pressure valve is connected to the inlet of the control valve However, when its solenoid 28' is energized andA the spool is shifted to the right uid pressure is applied at the inlet 31 of the valve 29. The position of the spool of this valve 29 determines the speed with which the cross slide is reciprocated by the hydraulic motor. When its spool is in its normal position to which it is biased and in which it is illustrated in Figure 3, it permits a direct path for the fluid pressure through the valve 29 to the inlet 31' of the direction control valve 3|, but it blocks the free return path leading from the outlet 38 of the valve 3|.

Hence, when the spool of the valve 29 is in its normal position the return flow of uid from the hydraulic motor is through one or the other of two metering valves 39 (depending upon the di,- rection in which the piston of the motor is traveling). The adjustment ofl the metering valves determines the rate of speed of the hydraulic motor.

To facilitate an understanding of how the posi tion of the valve 29 determines if the speed ofthe hydraulic motor is to be fast or slow, atten-A tion is directed to the fact that the portion 40 of its spool blocks the return linell which provides a return path for the fluid from either end of the hydraulic motor parallel t0 the return path through the metering valves 39. Thus, when the spool of the valve 29 isin its normal position shown, the speed of the motor is -reduced by virtue of the restriction imposed upon the return flow by the metering valve 39 which is then in the return line. But when the solenoid 29 'of the valve 29 is energized and the spool is drawnto the left the return line 4| is opened and the metering valves 39 are bypassed. Consequently, Whenever the solenoid 29'115 energized the speed of the hydraulic motor is faster than it is when the solenoid 29 is deenergized. i

As Vwill be hereinafter more fully described, the control, as illustrated herein, is so set up that the initial operation of the cross slide is to the left as viewed in Figures 2 and 3 or toward the operator, which brings the tool I3 into operative relation with the work. Thus, at the start of the cycle, the spool of the direction determining valve 3| is to the right as shown in Figure 3 so that its. middle compartment 42 connects its inlet 3l with' its outlet 43. Fluid pressure is, therefore, so applied to the hydraulic motor as to cause its piston to impart a leftward motion to the cross slide.

The return flow from the hydraulic motorn during leftward motion of the cross slide is back to the reservoir through one of the metering valves 39 until energization of the solenoid 29' bypasses the metering valve by withdrawing the blocking portion 45 of the valve 29 in the manner hereinbefore described. At the end of the leftward stroke of the cross slide a limit switch 44 is snapped and asl a result the solenoid of the pilot control valve 30 is energized to shift the spool of the direction controlling valve 3| leftward from its position shown in Figure 3.

The electrical controls by which this actuation of the limit switch 44 accomplishes Venergization of the solenoid 30' to actuate the pilot control valve will be hereinafter described.

In consequence to the response of the pilot control valve to energization of the solenoid 3D', fluid pressure from the inlet of the valve `3ll is conducted through its medial compartment to its outlet 45. This places pressure on the right hand end of the spool of valve 3l shifting it to have its middle compartment 42'connect its inlet 31' with its outlet 41. Thereupon, pressure is conducted to the left hand end of the hydraulic motor to draw the cross slide toward the right back to its neutral position or zone where it may be stopped if the nature of the work to be performed so requires, or it may continue to the right to engage the other tool I4 with the work.

Inasmuch as the system illustrated has been set up to effect the latter result, the limit switch 44 is not again thrown until the cross slide has moved to the limit of its rightward motion and the tool I4 has completed its operation. Thereupon, the limit switch 44 is snapped back to its position illustrated in Figure 3 and in consequence the solenoid 30' is deenergized allowing the pilot control valve 30 to return to its normal position. When this occurs, the inlet 35 of the pilot control valve is reconnected with its outlet 48 and fluid pressure is conducted to the left hand end of the direction control valve 3l to push its spool back to its initial position.

During the adjustment of the machine to a particular piece of work, it is necessary that the cross slide be freely movable back and forth and to this end a manual shutoff valve 49 is connected across the ports of the hydraulic motor. Opening of this valve allows free reciprocation of the slide as will be readily apparent.

It is to be observedy that the initiation of the operation of the hydraulic system just described requires energization of the solenoid 28' to draw the spool of the control valve 28 to its position at which fluid lpressure can be applied on the hydraulic motor. The electrical control by which energization of this solenoid and the other solenoids of the valves is accomplished in properly timed relationship to the operation of the entire mechanism will now be described.

Mounted on the shaft I1 of the lob cam is a compound trip lever 50. As best illustrated in Figure 5, this trip lever comprises two arms each provided with a hub, one telescoping over the other. Consequently, the angular relationship between the arms is adjustable. If the two arms are in line as shown in Figures 3 and 4 there is, in effect, but a single trip lever. If the arms are separated, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig'- urge 5, two trip levers are provided.

Extending into the lpath of this trip lever or levers is the actuatory 5| of a'single pole,l double throwf switch 52. This switch 52 is biased to a position at which its set of contacts 53 are normally closed and operation of its actuator 5I by the trip lever vcloses its other set of contacts 54.

As long as the switch 52 remains in its normal position the cross slide control remains dormant and only the turret reciprocating mechanism operates. Thus, if the work being performed did not require cross-feedk operations the lever 5U couldbe adjusted along the cam shaft out 0f theV path of the actuator 5I Inasmuch as the control for the reciprocation of the turret is the same as in the aforesaid copending Meusy application, it includes a manual selector switch 55 by which the lathe may be set for either manual or semi-automatic operation.' With this selector switch set for semiautomatic operation, as shown in Figure 4, closure of the normally open start contacts of a start-stop switch 55 elects operation of the spindle motor 1 and the cam motor 20. f

With the closure of the start contacts thel cycle is started by energization of a master relay 58. To maintain the relay 58 energized the start contacts must be held down long enough to enable the cam motor to turn the cam shaft to the point where a switch 59 in parallel withY the start contacts controlled by a cam 60 on the cam shaft closes. This cam has one high spot for opening the switch 59 so that onceit moves far enough to permit closure of the switch 59 the switch remains closed until the cam shaft has made one complete revolution.

' Response of the master relay 58 in the manner and its other side connected through a conductorv 63 with the normally closed contacts 53 of switchy 52. From these normally closed contacts the energizing circuit for the coil 6I is completed,

through conductor 64 which leads to contact 65 on the selector switch 55 engaged by one of its contactors 66 and then back through conductor 61 to the contacts of the master relay 58 and out to line Ll.

Thus it follows that the position of the switch 52 as Well as the closure of the contacts of the master relay 58 determines when the cam motor shall operate. The position of the vtrip lever or levers 50 with relation to the 360 of rotation of the cam shaft determines when in the cycle the cam motor shall be idle to allow for the cross slide function or functions. Whenever `the lever or levers depress the actuator of the switch 52 its normally closed contacts 53 are opened and its normally open contacts 54 areclosed. This stops the cam motor substantially instantaneously due to the provision for plugging. l

Plugging of the cam motor is accomplished as follows: With the opening of the contacts 53 of switch 52 the coil 6| of the cam motor starter switch 62 is deenergized and concomitantly with the resulting opening of switch 62 a circuit is established to energize the coil 68 of a plugging switch 68. This circuit beginning with line L3 extends along a conductor 'l0 to one side of the coil 68 and continues from the other sidethereof through contacter ll of the selector switch 55 and on the bar 82 and adapted-to push up on the actuator of the change-over switch. It is to be observed that the cam 99 has a flat top, The length of this fiat top determines the duration for which the change-over switch 90 is held up closing its contacts IOI and |02 and opening its contacts 89.

When the change-over switch is so lifted during the rightward passage of the cross slide through its neutral zone the closure of its contacts |02 which are in parallel with its contacts 89 maintains energization of the coil of the relay 93 through a shunt circuit consisting of aconductor |03 which leads from the common terminals of the contacts 88 and 81 to the then bridged contacts |02 and from there directly to conductor 64.

As the cross slide continues in the rightward direction through its neutral zone the changeover switch 90 returns to its normal position and the circuits remain undisturbed until the approaching cam 98 opens the speed control switch 84. The opening of this switch deenergizes the coil of relay 19 which in turn allows the spool of speed control valve 29 to return to its normal position placing one of the metering valves 39 in the return line leading from the hydraulic motor so that further rightward travel of the cross slide is at reduced speed.

, At the completion of the operation of tool I4 a stop |04 adjustably mounted on the bar 82 actuates the direction controlling limit switch 44 to reverse the direction of movement of the cro-ss slide. This actuation of the switch 44 replaces the speed controlling switch 84 with the speed controlling switch 80 in the circuit controlling energization of the solenoid 19 so that the metering Valves are again bypassed and the speed of the cross slide motion is increased.

Also, as a result of actuation of the switch 44, the coil of relay 93 is deenergized opening the contacts 94 and 95, the opening of the former having effected the change in the direction of cross slide motion.

With the deenergization of the coil of relay 93 its normally closed contacts |05 reclose. This reclosure of the contacts |05 renders the changeov'erswitch .90 effective to restart the cam motor and stop the cross slide. Thus, as the leftward return stroke continues and the cam 99 actuates the change-over switch 90, closure of its contacts IOI, as a result thereof, completes the energizing circuit for the coil 8| of the start switch 82, by virtue of the establishment oi a shunt circuit which comprises a conductor |06 connected to oonductor63, the closed contacts |05, a conductor |01, the closed contacts IOI and back to conductor 84 via conductor 9| and the closed contacts 54 of switch 52.

As long as the cam 99 holds the change-over switch in its position at which the contacts IOI and contacts |05 on relay '93 are closed, the cam motor operates independently of the position of switch 52. Hence, thel cam 99` must holdthe change-over switch in its actuated position long enough'to permit the cam motor to move the trip linger 50 out of engagement with the actuator of switch 52. In so doing, contacts 54 are broken and contacts 53 are closed, providing a circuit for the coil 5I of the start switch 62 which is now independent of the change over switch 90.

-`When contacts 54 are broken, power from LI through line 84 is carried through contacts |02, through line |03 to the contacts 86 and 81 of switch 44 to the relay 18,

common connections of thus maintaining operating power on the cross slide till the cam 99 permits the change-over switch to return to its normal position. The separating of contacts |02 breaks the line to relay 18, which in turn removes the source of pressure from the hydraulic moto-r, thus completing the de-enerf gizing process for the cross slide controls, and leaving the circuit in its original startingr @Ondition.

Attention is directed to the presence of a manually controlled switch |08 which, upon being closed, short circuits the contacts |05. Thus, if, this switch is closed the change-over switch' 99 is rendered effective to stop the cross slide function upon return of the cross slide to its neutral zone after completion of the operation by its tool 3. This switch is therefore closed where the work being performed calls fork only one cross slide operation or where the two cross slide operations do not followin direct sequence at which time the two sections of the trip lever 50 are disposed angularlywith respect to each other as shown in dotted lines in Figure 5.

Where the work calls for only one cross slide operation the stop |04 is adjusted along the bar 82 to the right, as viewed in Figure 3, to a position such that as the tool I3 is being retracted the stop |04 trips the switch 44 to place its contacts 8-6 and 81 in the positions illustrated in Figure 3, during the time the cam 99 is under the cam follower |00 and the switches |0I and |02 are closed. With the closure of the switch |0I the cam motor is restarted, the circuit therefor being completed through the closed switch |08 and being maintained by reclosure of the switch 53 brought about by the cam motor disengaging the arm 50 from the switch actuator 5|.

The tripping of the switch 44 to close the contacts 86 and open the contacts 81, as hereinbefore noted, effects a reversal in the direction of -travel of the cross slide which, due to the adjustment of the `stop |04, takes place while the cam follower |00 is upon the flat of the cam 99 so that the consequent retrograde leftward motion of the tool slide obtains only until the c'am 99 rides out from under its follower |00.

Brief rsum of operation The control as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 is dormant, but with the selector switch 55 set for semiautomatic operation. yAssuming that the machine has been properly set up, that is, the proper tools are in place on the turret andthe cross slide; to start the machine the operator depresses the push button start switch 56. This effects energization of the master relay 58. With energization of the master relay the starter switch B2 controlling operation of the cam motor 20 closes. Simultaneously with the closure'of the cam motor starter switch 62 one of the tWo spindlemotor switches 14 and one of the two spindle motor switches 15 closes to start the spindle motor and revolve the work in the proper direction.

The cam motor` 20 drives the job cam I6 which also may be referred to as a timing cam, and is so termed in the claims. Rotation of the job or timing cam I-S effects reciprocation of the turret through the medium of the pivoted arm I9 and in a manner more particularly described in the aforesaid copending application of Eugene Meusy. Reciprocation of the turret indexes the same in the customary manner through the functioning of pawl and ratchet mechanism (not shown).

, One complete revolution oi' the job or Vtimini governed by reciprocation of the cross'slide for controlling the valve means whichY determines the direction of motion imparted to the cross slide by the hydraulic motor.

2. In a semiautomatic turret lathe having a turret reciprocable toward 4and from the work and a cross slide reciproca-ble transversely thereof: means for reciprocating the turret including a timing cam; a motor for driving said cam; a starter switch for the motor; power means for reciprocating the cross slide; an electrical control for said power means including a two-position switch; a control circuit for the starter switch of the cam motor having one set of contacts of said two-position switch connected therein so that operation of the cam motor depends upon the position of said two-position switch; a control circuit for instituting operation of the cross slide power means having the other set of contacts of said two position switch connected therein; means biasing said two-position switch to its position at which its rst designated set of contacts is normally closed; and means moving Vwith the timing cam and operable to actuate said two-position switch to its other position to stop the cam motor and institute the functioning of said power means.

3. In a machine tool: two separate tool carriers each movable to bring a tool into cooperative relation with the work; separate drive means for the tool carriers; manually controlled means for starting one of said drive means; an electric switch; control circuits governed by the switch for stopping the manually started drive means and starting the other drive means; means driven by the manually started drive means for actuating the switch; another switch; control circuits governed by said other switch for countermanding the eifect of the iirst designated switch by restarting the manually started drive means and stopping the other drive means; and means movable with the tool carrier driven by said other drive means for actuating said other switch.

4. In a lathe: a cross slide for presenting tools laterally to work mounted in the lathe; power means for reciprocating the cross slide in both directions from a neutral position; an electrical control system for governing the functioning of said power means including a limit switch operable upon the cross slide reaching the limitsV of its reciprocation for reversing its direction of travel; a change-over switch operable by .passage of the cross slide through its neutral position; electrical control instrumentalities governed by said last named switch and operable upon actuation thereof during reciprocation of the cross slide through its neutral position for stopping reciprocation of the cross slide; and other electrical control instrumentalities governed by the limit switch for renderin-g said change-over switch ineiective during reciprocation of the cross slide in one direction so that reciprocation of the cross slide in both directions and back to its neutral position follows in one continuous uninterrupted sequence.

5. In a machine tool of the character described: a tool carrier reciprocable in .both directions from a neutral position; power means for so reciprocating said tool carrier; an electrical control for said power means including a control circuit incorporating a two-position control switch biased to its position at which the electrical control is dormant and the tool carrier stationary. in its neutral position; means actuated'by Ythe operation of lthe machine tool for reversing the position of said control switch to initiate the operation of the power means to impart reciprccation to the tool carrier; a changeover switch connected in the control circuitand operable upon actuation thereof to effect cessation of said power means; an actuator movable in unison lwith the tool carrier for actuatingsaid change-over switch; and means effective yduring movement of theV tool carrier in one direction -for breaking the circuit through the change-over switch so as to render the same ineffective to stop the power means whereby cessation of the power means is possible only during travel of the tool carrier in the other direction.

6. In a turret lathe having a reciprocable turret and a transversely reciprocable cross slide: power means for eifecting reciprocation of the turret; power means for eiecting reciprocation of thev cross slide; an electrical control governing the operation of both said power means; a man ually operable switch for initiating operation of the power means for reciprocating the turret; a timing cam driven by the turret reciprocating power means; a switch connected in the electrical control operable upon actuation thereof to eifect stopping of the turret reciprocating power means and starting of the cross slide reciprocating means; a trip lever moving with the timing cam to actuate said switch at a predetermined point in the cycle of operation; a change-over switch connected in the electrical control adapted upon actuation thereof to restart the power means for the turret' and stop the power means for the cross slide; means for actuating said change-over switch including a part movable in unison with the cross slide and positioned to effect actuation of the change-over switch as the cross slide travels through its neutral zone; and means for establishing a maintaining circuit whereby the power means for the cross slide is uninterrupted during travel thereof through its neutral zone in one direction.

7. In a turret lathe having a turret reciprocable .to present tools to the work and a cross slide reciprocable transversely to present tools laterally to the work: means for effecting reciprocation of the turret including an electric motor and a timing cam driven by the motor; an electromagnetic starter switch for the motor; control circuits including a manually operable start switch for effecting closure of the motor starter switch; power means for reciprocatingthe cross slide; control circuits for governing the operation of said cross slide power means including atwoposition switch biased to a position at which the cross slide power means is dormant; a trip lever moving in unison with the timing cam for actuating said two-position switch out of its biased position; control circuits governed by said twoposition switch for instituting operation of the cross slide power means and opening the motor starter switch upon actuation of the two-position switch by said trip lever; a change-over switch operable upon actuation thereof to reclose the motor starter switch and render the cross slide power means inoperative; and means moving in unison with the cross slide for actuating said change-over switch during passage of the cross slide through its neutral zone and for maintaining the change-over switch actuated long enough to eiect operation ofthe motor the extent required to disengage the trip lever from the actuator of the two-position switch.

8. In a semiautomatic turret lathe: a turret reciprocable toward andd from thev work; power means tor reciprocating-izheA turret; a; cross'islide reciprocabletransversely of Ithelathe for present ing tools 'laterally to the work :power: means ior reciprocatingthe'. cross s1ide;:a .sourceoffenergy for-'said cross slide reciprocating powermeans; control means' for i connecting the cross slide; `re- 'eiprocating 'power .'means 'with its'sourceloffener'gy; other control. means forr 'determininingl the direction'of reciprocation of the cross-slide'by its `.power-moana `a controlgsystem for'theftwo power means; .ai control Velement in. said system adapted upon actuation tof stop'the turret reciprocatingpower means land actuate saidffr'st named control means-so as toinitia'te operation in one direction oi the cross slide reciprocating power-1 means; means coordinated with reciprocation of the turret onactuatingsaid control element whereby the functioning of the cross slide is timedswith the reciprocationof the turretyand means governed by reciprocation' of the cross slide for controlling the lsecond mentioned control'means which determines the direction'of motion imparted'to the cross slide by its Vpower means. y

9. In `a machine tool 'of the character described: a turret having apluralityof tool fstationsfand adapted to be `indexed to successively bringthe tools carried thereby into alignment withv the Work; power means for reciprocating the turret a number of times necessary to successively engage 'all of the tools carried thereby with: lthe work'and thus complete a work cycle; across-slide for engagingga tool carriedthereby transversely. with the work; power means for reciprocating the cross slide; means for synchronizing lthe reciprocation of the turret'vand cross,

lslide so that the 'cross slide function Vmay take place while the turret is in itsradvanced work engaging position, said means comprising control circuitsjgoverning the operation of said two power meansan actuating elementl driven by the turret reciprocating power ymeansv and operabie at any point in thework cycle for rendering the control circuits operative Vtov stop the turret in its advanced work engaging 4position Varidfstart'. the cross Yslide reciprocating power meansto bring Va tool'onithe cross slide'into and outof'engagement with the work; and another actuating element moving'with the cross-slide and-operable to render the control circuits operatve to restart turret reciprocation aftercompleti'on of lthe cross slide function.

10. In 'a semiautomatic turret lathe: a turret mounted for reciprocation; a` cam'forreciprocat ing the turret, said cam beingso shaped that a predetermined vmotion thereof eiects a predetermined number of reciprocations of the* turret constituting a-'Work cycle; means forV driving-the cam; -a cross slide; fmeans `for reciprocating the cross slide; control means vfor automatically stopping -the cam drivingmeans to Athus interrupt and 'stop reciprocationof ithe turret and for starting Ythe means for Areciproca-ting the cross slide; an actuator for said control means :means lfor adjustably and' -drivingly connecting the factuator'with said' cam vso that the actuator moves with the camina predetermined relationvwlth respect-thereto to institute the 'functioningfpf the control means to -stop reciprocation of -the turret and start reciprocaion' ofthe cross slide at any predetermined,pointinthe cycle and with the turret 'at a correspondinglocati/onjjwitb in its range of travel;-controlnxeans;iorstopping the cross slide driving means and :for restarting the cam'I driving-meansA to -effectcessationofcross Vslide reciprocation andresumpticn oftnrret re.-h ciprccation ;;an.actuator 'for said last named con.- tr'olgm'eansyand means drivingly connecting said last named actuator withrthe cross slide.

11..:In a'. machine tool l -two separate tool carriers-each movable to bringa tool into cooperative' relationship with the work; separate 'drive means for-'bringing each tool-carrier intogand out of engagementwith 'the-work, the drive means for one -of the tool carriersbeing constrainedto effect a normally iixed cyclicoperation of the tool carrier vdriven thereby; vmanually controlled means forstarting said designated drive means; a-control circuit for stopping `said designated drive means andk concomitantly 4starting the other drive means including a controlling element; an actuator for said controlling element; means adjustablyand drivingly connecting the actuator with s aid des-V ignated drive means so that said controlling elenient may be actuated thereby to render said control circuit'operative to interrupt and stop `the cyclic operation of said designated drive means and start the other drive'means with the designated dri-ve means at anypreselected pointin its cycle of operation determined by the settingfof the adjustable driving connection betweenthe actuator and said designated drive means and with the tool carrier driven 'thereby-at a corresponding locationwithin its range of travel; another control circuiti for automatically stopping "the other drive means and restarting the designated drivemeans to continue its cyclic operation; a controlling element for' said other control circuit; and means movable-with the tool carrier driven by'said other Vdrive -means for actuating said'last mentioned controlling element after' a predetermined operation of said other drive means to activate said other control circuit to automatically stop said other drive means and restart the designated drive means. to continue its cyclic operation.

12. In a semiautomatic turret 'lathe having a turret and a cross slide: drive means for reciprocating the turret; manually operable means for starting said drive means; automaticallytimed means for stopping said Ydriveimeans afteritihas eilected reciprocation of the turreta suillcient number vof -times to constitute a work cycle, during which all the tools carried bythe'turret are presented to the Work; separate drive means for rre-A ciprocating the cross4 slide; control circuits for interrupting and stopping the turret reciprocating drive means and instituting theV operationofthe cross slide 'reciprocating drive means; control means for 'said controlA circuits including an actuator adjustably and drivingly connected with the` drive'meansfor reciprocating the turret -Yso that' said-actuator movies` in apredetermined timed relationwithl the turretto Vrender said control circults 'operative to stop the turretV and 'start the cross siideat anypredetermined p oint in the Work cycleiand With'the turret at a corresponding'loca# tion within. its range of travel; and means for stoppingthe cross `slidereciprocating drivemeans and restarting the turret Vreciprocating idrive means tothus effect cessation of 'Cross slide reciprocation` and resumption ofjturret reciprocation, saidmeans including anv actuatormovable in uni. son-with the cross'slide and operable to., activate said control, circuits Ato automaticallyyeiect the statediresumptiony of turret reciprccation upon completionl ofthe cross slide operation, said imtreipfocationthenfcfmtinums until ine-automaticaliyjimedmeans'endsthe work ,cycler i vIJIOERWOOD'G; WASSON.`v 

